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DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome

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Lesson outcome

Waxaan sharxi karaa farqiga u dhexeeya DNA-da, koromosoomyada, hiddo-wadayaasha iyo genome-ka.

Introduction

In this lesson: I can explain the difference between DNA, chromosomes, genes and the genome. All organisms have a genome, and there are similarities and differences between the genomes of different organisms. The genome is made of DNA, wound up into tightly-packed structures called chromosomes.

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All organisms have a genome, and there are similarities and differences between the genomes of different organisms. The genome is made of DNA, wound up into tightly-packed structures called chromosomes. Human body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes, stored in the nucleus; bacteria have one that is stored in the cytoplasm. Sections of the DNA in chromosomes are called genes, which store instructions for inherited features and life processes. Other sections are non-coding DNA, which contains instructions that controls when the information in genes is used.

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Quizzes

  1. 1. What is DNA?

    • a cell
    • a nucleus
    • Correct answer:a chemical molecule
    • an organism
  2. 2. True or false? Bacteria have DNA.

    • Correct answer:True
    • False
  3. 3. DNA is passed onto offspring in reproduction. What does it carry?

    • the organism's features
    • Correct answer:instructions
    • cells
    • Correct answer:genetic code
  4. 4. What is all of the genetic material in a cell called?

    • DNA
    • Correct answer:genome
    • nucleus
    • cytoplasm
  1. 1. All living __________ have a unique genome.

    • cells
    • species
    • families
    • Correct answer:organisms
  2. 2. Which of the following structures is a single chromosome?

    • b
    • c
    • Correct answer:d
  3. 3. The genome is made of all of the genetic code; this includes genes and ...

    • junk DNA.
    • non-genes.
    • Correct answer:non-coding DNA.
    • nucleus.

What pupils see

The same lesson as a pupil sees it. You can set any section as work on its own.

  • IntroductionPrepare
  • Starter quizActivate · 4 questions
  • Lesson videoLearn
  • Exit quizCheck · 3 questions
This content is by Cashar and published under an open licence.