Liverpool CBD and inner city: challenges and opportunities from decline

Deindustrialisation in the 20th century triggered depopulation in Liverpool's CBD and inner city. The CBD and inner city experienced decline from the 1930s to 1990s followed by growth due to regeneration efforts. Decline in the CBD and inner city led to challenges including dereliction, unemployment and economic recession. 21st century economic and population growth led to significant investment in the CBD. Studentification, gentrification and e-commernce have brought challenges and opportunities.