The second join: ck, ch, if, il, it

The letters all have a lead in and a lead out. The second join goes from the baseline to above the x-height line towards the ascender line. The pencil only lifts to add the dot to the i and the cross to the t once the letter string is complete. When forming the letter f it has two loops; one at the top of the lead in and one at the bottom ready for the lead out. When joining to the letter t, the join goes up to between the x-height line and the ascender line.