Golding's use of symbolism in 'Lord of the Flies'

Arguably, the conch is a symbol of democracy and civilisation on the island. Jack despises the conch because it is representative of Ralph's leadership and because it is a threat to his campaign. The destruction of the conch arguably represents the downfall of civilisation and democracy and descent into savagery. Jack's painted face could mark the emergence of the real (savage) Jack, who has surrendered to his dark impulses. The boys are appalled by Jack’s mask because it makes him unrecognisable as human in both appearance and demeanour.