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White light from the Sun and light bulbs consists of light of all the colours in the visible light spectrum (a rainbow).
A transparent triangular prism can split up sunlight into a visible light spectrum.
The visible light spectrum shows the range of colours that light can have.
Cone cells in the eye detect colour. There are 3 kinds (R, G and B); each is sensitive to a range of colours of light.
The colour we see depends on which cone cells are triggered to send a signal to the brain.