Falcelinta kiimikada: aashito iyo bir

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Waxaan qeexi karaa waxa dhacaya marka aashito ay la falceliso bir waxaana u qori karaa isla'egyo erayo iyo calaamado ah oo falcelintan.

Hordhac

Waxaan soo dhaweynayaa darsiga ka hadlaya falgalyada kiimikada ee u dhexeeya asiidhka (acid) iyo biraha (metals). Waa qayb ka mid ah cutubka 'Acids and Bases', waxaana loo baahan yahay inaad hore u garanaysid sida asiidhka iyo biraha loo aqoonsado. Dhammaadka darsigan, waxaad awood u yeelan doontaa inaad qeexdo waxa dhacaya marka asiidhku la falgalo bir, iyo inaad qorto isla'egyada erayada iyo calaamadaha.

Muuji qoraalka

When a metal reacts with acid bubbles may form, it is exothermic and the metal reduces in size (disappears). Different metals have varying reactivity with acids. When a metal reacts with an acid, the products are a metal salt and hydrogen gas. The word equation for a metal and acid reaction is: metal + acid → metal salt + hydrogen. The test for hydrogen gas is to introduce a lit splint, which will make a squeaky pop in hydrogen.

Warqadda shaqada

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Imtixaannada

1. Mid ka mid ah kuwan soo socda ayaa sharaxaya waxa uu yahay universal indicator (tilmaame guud)?
- Jawaabta saxda ah:Warqad (paper) isku beddesha midabyo kala duwan iyadoo ku xiran pH-ga xalka (solution).
- Jawaabta saxda ah:Xal (solution) isku beddesha midabyo kala duwan iyadoo ku xiran pH-ga xalka.
- Warqad isku beddesha casaan ama buluug si ay u muujiso in xalku yahay acid (aashito) ama alkaline (alkali).
- Xal iska caadiya (cloudy) marka carbon dioxide (kaarboon laba ogsaydh) uu joogo.
2. Waa halkee meesha ay ku yaalaan biraha (metals) miiska periodic-ka?
- Jawaabta saxda ah:dhanka bidix
- dhanka midig
- xagga hoose
- xagga sare
- meel kasta
3. Waa noocyo atom oo laga helo nitric acid (HNO₃)?
- Jawaabta saxda ah:hydrogen
- chlorine
- Jawaabta saxda ah:nitrogen
- Jawaabta saxda ah:oxygen
4. Waa noocyo atom oo laga helo sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)?
- Jawaabta saxda ah:sulfur
- Jawaabta saxda ah:hydrogen
- Jawaabta saxda ah:oxygen
- sulfur dioxide

1. Arday ayaa raba inuu tijaabiyo gaaska la sii daayay markii zinc la falgalay sulfuric acid. Kee ka mid ah tijaabooyinkan ayaa muujin kara in gaaskani yahay hydrogen?
- Dhig qori shidan oo dhalaalaya gudaha gaaska oo fiiri haddii uu dib u shido.
- Ku buufi gaaska xal limewater ah oo fiiri haddii uu iska caajiso (cloudy).
- Jawaabta saxda ah:Dhig qori shidan oo ololaya gudaha gaaska oo fiiri haddii uu sameeyo dhawaaq 'squeaky pop' ah.
2. Inta badan birta (metals) way dillaacaan markay la falgalaan asiidh (acid). Waa maxay macnaha ereyga 'corrode' marka la eego xaaladdan?
- Jawaabta saxda ah:Birtu way yaraan doontaa cabbirkeeda markay la falgasho asiidhka.
- Birtu way kordhin doontaa cabbirkeeda markay la falgasho asiidhka.
- Asiidhku wuxuu cuni doonaa birtu.
- Birtu way milmi doontaa gudaha asiidhka.
3. Keeya cusbada (salt) soo baxa marka hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid) la falgalo zinc (zinc)?
- zinc hydride (zinc hydride)
- zinc chlorine (zinc chlorine)
- Jawaabta saxda ah:zinc chloride (zinc chloride)
- zinc chloric (zinc chloric)
- zinc hydroxide (zinc hydroxide)
4. Arday ayaa qoray jumladan: "Marka bir (metal) falgasho, waxay samaysaa cusbo (salt) iyo gaas." Dooro jumlad ka sax ah liiska.
- Jawaabta saxda ah:Marka bir (metal) ay la falgasho asiidh (acid), waxay samaysaa cusbo bir ah (metal salt) iyo hydrogen.
- Marka bir (metal) ay falgasho, waxay samaysaa xumbo (bubbles) iyo cusbo.
- Marka bir (metal) ay la falgasho asiidh (acid), waxay samaysaa non–metal.
- Marka bir (metal) ay la falgasho asiidh (acid), waxay samaysaa gaas hydrogen.
5. Waa kee isla'egta summada (symbol equation) ee saxda ah ee falcelinta u dhaxaysa zinc iyo sulfuric acid?
- Zn + HNO₃ → ZnSO₄ + H₂
- Jawaabta saxda ah:Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnSO₄ + H₂
- ZN + H₂SO₄ → ZNSO₄ + H₂
- Zn + H₂SO₄ → ZnCl₂ + H₂

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